types of valves in water distribution systems ppt

The Various Types of Valves in Water Distribution Systems

Water distribution systems are essential for providing clean, potable water to households, businesses, and industries. These systems involve multiple components, including valves, which play a crucial role in controlling the flow of water. Valves are used to regulate the pressure, flow, and distribution of water within the distribution system. This article will discuss the various types of valves found in water distribution systems and their applications.

1. Check Valves

Check valves are used to prevent water from flowing back in the opposite direction. They are typically installed in streams, pumps, and other components of the distribution system to prevent backflow of contaminated water. Check valves are available in various materials, such as cast iron, plastic, and steel, depending on the application and environmental conditions.

2. Ball Valves

Ball valves are compact, semi-automatic, and can be operated by hand or electric motor. They are used for controlling the flow of water in small- to medium-sized pipelines. Ball valves are available in various materials, such as cast iron, steel, and plastic, and can be designed for various flow ranges and pressure ratings.

3. Button Valves

Button valves are similar to ball valves but have a flatter face and are more suitable for high-pressure applications. They are used in pipelines requiring high-pressure control and are available in various materials, such as cast iron, steel, and plastic.

4. Glidden Valves

Glidden valves are designed with a flat, cylindrical body and are used for controlling the flow of water in large-sized pipelines. They are available in various materials, such as cast iron, steel, and plastic, and can be designed for various flow ranges and pressure ratings.

5. Orifices and Throats

Orifices and throats are used to adjust the flow rate of water in distribution systems. They are typically installed at the entry points of other valves and are designed with various orifices and throats to control the flow rate. Orifices and throats are available in various materials, such as cast iron, steel, and plastic, depending on the application and environmental conditions.

6. Swing Valves

Swing valves are used for controlling the flow of water in distribution systems with variable pressures and flow rates. They are operated by a chain, gear, or motor and are available in various materials, such as cast iron, steel, and plastic.

7. Swing Check Valves

Swing check valves are similar to swing valves but have a check valve assembly integrated within the swing mechanism. They are used in distribution systems to prevent backflow of water and are available in various materials, such as cast iron, steel, and plastic.

8. Stop Valves

Stop valves are used to completely shut off the flow of water in distribution systems. They are available in various materials, such as cast iron, steel, and plastic, and can be designed for various flow ranges and pressure ratings.

The various types of valves in water distribution systems play a crucial role in maintaining the efficiency and safety of the distribution system. By understanding the different types of valves and their applications, water utilities can make informed decisions about selecting the appropriate valves for their distribution systems. This will not only improve the efficiency and reliability of the system but also ensure the quality and safety of the water supplied to the public.